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C. Extenal Data Table 1 Direct Foreign Tourist Arrival to Bali by Nationality Period 2008 – 2012 NATIONALITY 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Australia 308,698 446,042 647,872 790,965 823,821 Afganistan 52 27 52 24 29 Buthan 29 48 52 56 34 Bangladesh 893 1,032 1,431 1,977 1,716 Fiji 85 141 151 159 657 Hongkong 12,905 9,370 15,172 21,968 27,426 India 26,557 30,813 40,777 50,435 46,632 Iran/Teheran 2,536 3,441 7,098 9,002 9,635 Japan 354,817 319,473 246,465 183,284 191,836 Kiribati 52 1 2 South Of Korea 132,559 123,879 124,964 126,709 121,846 Maldives 269 218 148 223 918 Mongolia 516 127 142 433 318 Macau 151 114 132 333 360 Maldova 68 82 53 46 64 Nepal 623 345 613 502 605 Nauru 1 2 Pakistan 826 1,544 1,300 1,806 1,246 People Republic of China 129,121 199,538 196,863 236,868 310,904 Palau 12 4 Papua N.G 68 109 88 149 785 Samoa 12 10 New Zealand 16,346 23,707 31,377 37,015 49,044 Solomon East 9 8 51 29 20 Srilangka 731 458 661 773 1,365 Tibet Tonga 14 14 1 Taiwan 129,176 119,413 122,682 129,233 96,128 Timor Leste 8,891 9,437 13,807 21,056 21,519 Vanuatu 11 6 13 Brunei Darusalam 661 505 614 864 1,781 Kamboja 376 458 1,145 764 1,056 Laos 159 293 213 374 643 Malaysia 129,669 132,835 155,239 169,719 179,947 Myanmar/Burma 426 427 973 1,596 3,326 Philipina 8,308 7,475 10,749 13,953 19,451 Singapore 51,696 55,028 94,791 111,181 120,982 Thailand 11,831 23,463 26,057 32,820 36,169 Vietnam 2,568 4,457 4,640 5,890 8,276 Algeria 102 205 174 147 534 Angola 19 18 24 44 58 South Africa 7,129 7,298 8,329 9,950 12,061 Botswana 17 8 44 35 30 Benin 15 15 15 13 14 Burundi 14 26 9 21 28 Cameroon 24 16 25 35 47 Comoro 3 1 Cape Verde 33 33 8 39 47 Congo 36 51 48 40 49 Ethiopia 57 61 78 68 50 Eritria 21 21 17 40 44 Ghana 41 52 40 61 439 Guinea 23 6 8 18 60 Gambia 7 38 27 39 43 Ivory Coast 13 8 1 Kenya 245 238 388 443 552 Libya 21 77 133 88 217 Mauritius 316 316 481 596 620 Malagasi 1 7 Malawi 6 24 2 Madagaskar 36 20 23 49 43 Maroko 421 552 768 786 914 Mozambiq 40 40 60 44 93 Namibia 60 92 86 75 95 Nigeria 186 203 256 350 582 Rwanda 34 22 40 22 87 Sudan 33 71 87 85 204 Senegal 58 61 40 49 91 Seychelles 53 59 86 69 83 Sechelles 999 5 Stateles 1 1 Serbia 492 482 550 590 593 Somalia 15 13 18 11 344 Sieera Leone 66 45 72 61 67 Swaziland 2 4 Tanzania 72 49 111 133 92 Tunisia 208 304 311 382 455 Uganda 74 67 73 98 110 U. Emirat Arab 223 482 277 Zimbabwe 176 181 203 244 139 Zambia 53 52 50 140 79 Zaira 1 6 Argentina 1,174 1,416 1,658 2,586 2,744 U S A 68,887 74,010 72,145 90,154 94,610 Bermuda 34 51 5 Brazilia 5,896 6,203 6,429 8,365 8,942 Bahames 6 30 122 6 5 Barbados 14 11 3 8 23 Bolivia 28 26 45 59 67 Costarika 96 68 64 73 555 Cuba 282 130 102 75 45 Chile 759 970 1,181 1,835 2,080 Dominica 35 33 27 34 114 Elsavador 39 42 43 47 43 Equador 54 104 160 208 283 Guatemala 64 83 80 86 84 Guyana 2 2 27 Honduras 21 24 15 30 107 Haiti 21 24 14 31 70 Canada 18,584 22,906 24,362 30,443 29,410 Columbia 391 384 607 891 899 Micronesia 2 3 1 Mexico 2,372 1,976 2,435 2,828 2,944 Nicaragua 30 15 21 63 53 Panama 67 67 48 89 189 Paraguay 16 6 131 18 23 Peru 359 381 469 568 923 Suriname 2 7 42 20 198 St. Lucian 1 2 1 Tahiti Trinidad 35 51 137 143 240 Uruguay 225 256 248 307 279 Venezuela 322 479 327 393 404 Yamaika 30 19 2,177 40 229 Austria 9,886 11,228 10,608 10,962 16,427 Armenia 62 87 123 131 301 Andora 14 19 16 46 674 Azerbaijan 45 40 79 112 108 Albania 15 11 32 135 223 Belgium 10,561 13,543 11,765 12,390 12,865 British National Overseas 11 2 Netherlands 65,203 74,409 75,312 69,673 62,085 Belarus 468 407 467 661 783 Bulgaria 838 1,224 1,278 2,097 1,995 Bosnia 90 75 102 90 110 Croatia 443 479 556 451 549 Cesnia 6,028 4,381 4,725 4,364 Cheko 52 912 3,436 3 8 Cyprus 142 232 363 180 367 Denmark 10,343 13,594 11,098 13,205 12,167 Estonia 340 685 745 1,257 2,267 Finland 3,866 6,341 6,713 7,720 8,064 Giorgia 26 30 49 65 244 Hungaria 3,311 3,118 2,807 3,330 3,151 Italy 19,632 19,446 20,220 20,925 20,609 United Kingdom 82,440 92,898 104,375 107,975 115,429 Iceland 201 99 Islandia 15 12 370 194 256 Ireland 5,485 5,628 7,192 9,166 10,520 Israel 67 27 302 212 112 Germany 81,790 74,678 84,207 84,071 85,331 Kazaktan 1,623 1,493 1,691 2,680 3,093 Kyrgyztan 59 60 33 61 115 Lithuania 380 632 549 869 1,110 Leichsteintein 71 90 60 73 114 Latvia 682 610 610 713 771 Luxemburg 496 401 722 501 500 Malta 104 110 222 220 226 Macedonia 75 39 57 70 205 Monaco 15 44 65 42 68 Norway 6,719 8,098 8,716 10,468 8,863 Portugal 7,984 8,782 8,804 10,654 9,643 France 76,062 110,244 106,113 111,542 105,417 Poland 5,318 4,511 7,349 6,231 6,096 Rusia 58,233 58,974 65,117 75,636 77,869 Romania 1,163 1,474 1,563 2,446 2,822 Scotlandia 4 Slovenia 1,194 1,466 1,058 1,065 1,376 Slowakia 951 1,292 1,290 1,370 1,951 Sweden 10,886 13,954 16,002 17,246 16,404 Spain 18,837 18,101 20,466 19,274 16,405 Switzerland 17,734 25,025 21,422 23,650 19,581 San Marino 13 14 62 13 12 Turkey 1,582 1,223 1,949 2,655 2,524 Tajikistan 31 27 497 28 326 Ukraina 6,600 4,236 3,316 3,714 3,425 Uzbekistan 439 568 656 957 710 Yugoslavia 101 82 3 Greece 4,235 4,372 2,892 2,202 1,634 Yordania 262 516 275 Arab Saudi 716 1,839 2,124 2,646 2,860 Bahrain 171 143 157 286 394 Dubai 3 5 Iraq 37 22 50 42 76 Kwait 236 458 259 497 627 Libanon 266 299 405 565 547 Liberia 26 24 48 82 60 Mesir 680 1,053 1,180 1,565 1,703 Oman 263 316 510 476 437 Palestina 15 21 39 74 110 Qatar 105 69 1,011 192 221 Syria 60 73 690 149 170 U. Emirat Arab 449 328 Yaman 83 182 122 176 157 Yordania 335 389 Other Nationality 231 367 571 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ From the data above, we can separate in group 10 countries are most visited to Bali in 5 years, start from 2008 until 2012 Table 2 10 Countries most Visited To Bali in 2008 – 2012 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ From the data above, we can see that in 2008, Japan occupied the first position arrivals to Bali. but, in 2010 a very drastic decline caused by the tsunami and nuclear reactor leaks in Sendai, Japan. Following the tsunami, Garuda and Japan Airlines (JAL) flight close Japan-Indonesia and the impact on the decline in Japanese tourist arrivals to Bali. Bali Tourism Office data also showed the number of Japanese tourists visiting Bali dropped dramatically over the past four years from 354,817 people in 2008 to 183,284 people in 2011. However, with the reopening of the Garuda Indonesia flight routes to Denpasar-Haneda can increase the number of Japanese tourist arrivals in 2012, as many as 191,836. While Australia remains the first arrivals to Bali and is increasing from year to year. This is because Bali is a tourist area featured for the citizens of Australia, even the majority considers that Bali is a second home for the citizens of Australia. Followed by China, South Korea, and Malays ia, are the number of arrivals increasing every year, there are UK, Taiwan, and France which despite its position up and down, but still occupy the top 10 positions. There is also Singapore that was not in the top 10, but increase drastically in 2010 and continued to increase until 2012. For Germany and Netherland, although had entered the top position, but if we look at the table, there was a decrease in the number of arrivals, even get out of the top 10 positions. so, I prefer the USA to enter the list of top 10 countries who come to Bali, because even though his position was replaced by up and down the country, but the number of his arrival is likely to increase from year to year, compared with Germany and Netherland. American travelers accounted for most number of tourist visits in part thanks to booming film Eat Pray Love, starring Julia Roberts. So, can I conclude that the top 10 countries are a frequent visitor to Bali is as follows. Table 3 Top 10 Direct foreign tourist arrivals to Bali from 2008 to 2012 No Nationality 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 AUSTRALIA 308.698 446.042 647.872 790.965 823.821 2 CHINA 129.121 199.538 196.863 236.868 310.904 3 JAPAN 354.817 319.473 246.465 183.284 191.836 4 MALAYSIA 129.669 132.835 155.239 169.719 179.947 5 TAIWAN 129.176 119.413 122.682 129.233 96.128 6 KOREA 132.559 123.879 124.964 126.709 121.846 7 FRANCE 76.062 110.244 106.113 111.542 105.417 8 SINGAPORE 51.696 55.028 94.791 111.181 120.982 9 UK 82.440 92.898 104.375 107.975 115.429 10 USA 68.887 74.010 72.145 90.154 94.610 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ Graphic 1 Top 10 Direct foreign tourist arrivals to Bali from 2008 to 2012 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ And for the data of Domestic Tourist arrival to Bali can we see in the table below in period 2008-2012. Table 4 Top 10 Domestic tourist arrivals to Bali from 2008 to 2012 MONTH YEAR 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 JANUARY 225,955 264,915 349,575 280,588 333,199 FEBRUARY 190,792 204,419 238,789 340,508 305,934 MARCH 221,181 255,203 202,995 358,313 307,616 APRIL 206,631 247,100 396,898 385,228 503,435 MAY 226,339 289,635 421,369 463,452 527,892 JUNE 256,448 304,213 455,456 568,264 569,635 JULY 329,362 340,610 489,307 573,103 524,334 AUGUST 259,511 280,972 377,570 440,751 661,334 SEPTEMBER 205,304 352,257 594,662 609,633 572,359 OCTOBER 306,112 330,337 391,722 526,302 667,703 NOVEMBER 203,416 285,526 361,395 574,016 545,348 DECEMBER 267,742 365,948 366,605 554,963 287756* TOTAL 2,898,794 3,521,135 4,646,343 5,675,121 5,518,789 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ * is the most recent data and could still changed Graphic 2 Top 10 Domestic tourist arrivals to Bali from 2008 to 2012 Source : http://www.tourism.baliprov.go.id/ From the data above, we can see that the domestic tourist arrivals also increased significantly from year to year. This can be caused by the increasing number of flights and affordable package, also promo tours offered by travel agents are more affordable. From the chart above, we can see decline in 2012. Actually this is because the current data in December of 2012 could still change. BPS Bali still do not have accurate data for the month, so it seems there is a decrease of the level of domestic tourists visiting Bali. D. Internal Data Table 4 Number of Room Night Nikko Bali Resort and Spa by Nationality in 2010-2012 COUNTRY YEAR 2010 2011 2012 Asia Japan 7853 8130 8368 Korea 10894 11056 11581 Taiwan 7802 7989 8160 China 11657 11980 12325 Hong Kong 789 846 919 Phillippines 175 189 295 Thailand 401 467 529 Malaysia 523 580 613 Singapore 1297 1383 1585 Indonesia 9565 9876 10386 India 1029 1236 1449 Vietnam 45 53 67 Myanmar 64 78 105 Israel 3 7 12 Other Asia 738 876 995 Europe U.K. 578 629 669 Germany 2018 2267 2442 France 677 714 758 Russia 8976 9145 9457 Italy 576 603 641 Holland 156 187 269 Sweden 143 167 181 Switzerland 276 298 331 Spain 27 36 48 Austria 69 87 94 Ireland 25 29 36 Denmark 106 147 165 Belgium 110 135 162 Finland 54 61 70 Norway 46 51 68 Other Europe 463 498 545 North America U.S.A. 821 889 942 Canada 210 278 295 Mexico 20 25 36 Other N. America 0 0 0 South America Brazil 47 56 66 Other S. America 28 32 38 Oceania Australia 5598 5895 6086 New Zealand 78 102 134 Other Oceania 0 0 0 Middle East U.A.E 41 55 60 Saudi Arabia 98 129 149 Bahrain 0 0 0 KUWAIT 2 3 9 OTHER MIDDLE 75 94 100 Africa 187 201 233 Source : Sales and Marketing Nikko Bali Resort and Spa From the table above, we can see the top 10 countries that stay at Nikko Bali Resort and Spa follows in the table below. Table 5 Top 10 Guest Arrival at Nikko Bali Resort and Spa by Nationality in 2010-2012 COUNTRY YEAR 2010 2011 2012 China 11657 11980 12325 Korea 10894 11056 11581 Indonesia 9565 9876 10386 Russia 8976 9145 9457 Japan 7853 8130 8368 Taiwan 7802 7989 8160 Australia 5598 5895 6086 Germany 2018 2267 2442 Singapore 1297 1383 1585 India 1029 1236 1449 Source : Sales and Marketing Nikko Bali Resort and Spa (Process Data)